Northern Mozambique was the principal region of the liberation struggle against Portuguese colonialism by the people of Mozambique. Although a significant percentage of the population of this region was Muslim, their participation in the Mozambican liberation struggle has hardly been addressed in scholarship, although much has been written on the role of Protestants and Catholics.1 Some authors have considered Muslims to have remained entirely aloof from the independence struggle. This chapter focuses on the response and involvement of northern Mozambican Muslims in the two principal nationalist liberation movements, namely the Mozambican African National Union (MANU, also known as the Makonde African National Union); and the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (FRELIMO). It draws on archival data, primarily the records of the Portuguese Secret Police (PIDE) and the documentation of the Portuguese Secret Services for Centralisation and Co-ordination of Information for Mozambique (SCCIM), as well as fieldwork conducted in Maputo and Pemba in 2007–2008.
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